Can emotional and behavioral dysregulation in youth be decoded from functional neuroimaging?

Portugal, LCL and Rosa, MJ and Rao, A and Bebko, G and Bertocci, MA and Hinze, AK and Bonar, L and Almeida, JRC and Perlman, SB and Versace, A and Schirda, C and Travis, M and Gill, MK and Demeter, C and Diwadkar, VA and Ciuffetelli, G and Rodriguez, E and Forbes, EE and Sunshine, JL and Holland, SK and Kowatch, RA and Birmaher, B and Axelson, D and Horwitz, SM and Arnold, EL and Fristad, MA and Youngstrom, EA and Findling, RL and Pereira, M and Oliveira, L and Phillips, ML and Mourao-Miranda, J (2016) Can emotional and behavioral dysregulation in youth be decoded from functional neuroimaging? PLoS ONE, 11 (1).

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Abstract

Introduction High comorbidity among pediatric disorders characterized by behavioral and emotional dysregulation poses problems for diagnosis and treatment, and suggests that these disorders may be better conceptualized as dimensions of abnormal behaviors. Furthermore, identifying neuroimaging biomarkers related to dimensional measures of behavior may provide targets to guide individualized treatment. We aimed to use functional neuroimaging and pattern regression techniques to determine whether patterns of brain activity could accurately decode individual-level severity on a dimensional scale measuring behavioural and emotional dysregulation at two different time points. Methods A sample of fifty-seven youth (mean age: 14.5 years; 32 males) was selected from a multisite study of youth with parent-reported behavioral and emotional dysregulation. Participants performed a block-design reward paradigm during functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). Pattern regression analyses consisted of Relevance Vector Regression (RVR) and two cross-validation strategies implemented in the Pattern Recognition for Neuroimaging toolbox (PRoNTo). Medication was treated as a binary confounding variable. Decoded and actual clinical scores were compared using Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) and mean squared error (MSE) to evaluate the models. Permutation test was applied to estimate significance levels. Results Relevance Vector Regression identified patterns of neural activity associated with symptoms of behavioral and emotional dysregulation at the initial study screen and close to the fMRI scanning session. The correlation and the mean squared error between actual and decoded symptoms were significant at the initial study screen and close to the fMRI scanning session. However, after controlling for potential medication effects, results remained significant only for decoding symptoms at the initial study screen. Neural regions with the highest contribution to the pattern regression model included cerebellum, sensory-motor and fronto-limbic areas. Conclusions The combination of pattern regression models and neuroimaging can help to determine the severity of behavioral and emotional dysregulation in youth at different time points. Copyright: © 2016 Portugal et al.This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Details

Item Type:	Article
Status:	Published
Creators/Authors:	Creators Email Pitt Username ORCID Portugal, LCL Rosa, MJ Rao, A Bebko, G gmb35@pitt.edu GMB35 Bertocci, MA mbertocc@pitt.edu MBERTOCC Hinze, AK Bonar, L lbonar@pitt.edu LBONAR Almeida, JRC Perlman, SB sbp15@pitt.edu SBP15 Versace, A amv29@pitt.edu AMV29 Schirda, C Travis, M Gill, MK Demeter, C Diwadkar, VA Ciuffetelli, G Rodriguez, E erod@pitt.edu EROD Forbes, EE erika@pitt.edu ERIKA Sunshine, JL Holland, SK Kowatch, RA Birmaher, B birmaher@pitt.edu BIRMAHER Axelson, D Horwitz, SM Arnold, EL Fristad, MA Youngstrom, EA Findling, RL Pereira, M Oliveira, L Phillips, ML Mourao-Miranda, J
Contributors:	Contribution Contributors Name Email Pitt Username ORCID Editor Antal, Andrea UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
Date:	5 January 2016
Date Type:	Publication
Access Restriction:	No restriction; Release the ETD for access worldwide immediately.
Journal or Publication Title:	PLoS ONE
Volume:	11
Number:	1
DOI or Unique Handle:	10.1371/journal.pone.0117603
Institution:	University of Pittsburgh
Schools and Programs:	School of Medicine > Psychiatry
Refereed:	Yes
Date Deposited:	23 Aug 2016 14:55
Last Modified:	23 Jun 2018 18:55
URI:	http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/id/eprint/28321

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