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Co-thought and co-speech gestures are generated by the same action generation process
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Chu, Mingyuan and Kita, Sotaro (2016) Co-thought and co-speech gestures are generated by the same action generation process. Journal of Experimental Psychology : Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 42 (2). pp. 257-270. doi:10.1037/xlm0000168 ISSN 0278-7393.
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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000168
Abstract
People spontaneously gesture when they speak (co-speech gesture) and when they solve problems silently (co-thought gesture). In this study, we first explored the relationship between these two types of gestures and found that individuals who produced co-thought gestures more frequently also produced co-speech gestures more frequently (Experiments 1 and 2). This suggests that the two types of gestures are generated from the same process.
We then investigated whether both types of gestures can be generated from the representational use of the action generation process that also generates purposeful actions that have a direct physical impact on the world, such as manipulating an object or locomotion (the action generation hypothesis). To this end, we examined the effect of object affordances on the production of both types of gestures (Experiments 3 and 4). We found that individuals produced co-thought and co-speech gestures more often when the stimulus objects afforded action (objects with smooth surface) than when they did not (objects with spiky surface). These results support the action generation hypothesis for representational gestures. However, our findings are incompatible with the hypotheses that co-speech representational gestures are solely generated from the speech production process (the speech production hypothesis).
Item Type: | Journal Article | ||||||||
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Subjects: | B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Science, Engineering and Medicine > Science > Psychology | ||||||||
Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH): | Speech, Gesture, Speech and gesture | ||||||||
Journal or Publication Title: | Journal of Experimental Psychology : Learning, Memory, and Cognition | ||||||||
Publisher: | American Psychological Association | ||||||||
ISSN: | 0278-7393 | ||||||||
Official Date: | February 2016 | ||||||||
Dates: |
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Volume: | 42 | ||||||||
Number: | 2 | ||||||||
Page Range: | pp. 257-270 | ||||||||
DOI: | 10.1037/xlm0000168 | ||||||||
Status: | Peer Reviewed | ||||||||
Publication Status: | Published | ||||||||
Access rights to Published version: | Restricted or Subscription Access | ||||||||
Date of first compliant deposit: | 4 May 2016 | ||||||||
Date of first compliant Open Access: | 4 May 2016 | ||||||||
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