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In this study, we propose a novel approach to describe
the scattering effects of atmospheric aerosols in a complex urban
environment using water vapor (H2O) slant column measurements in the
near infrared. This approach is demonstrated using measurements from the
California Laboratory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing Fourier Transform
Spectrometer on the top of Mt. Wilson, California, and a two-stream-exact
single scattering (2S-ESS) radiative transfer (RT) model. From the spectral
measurements, we retrieve H2O slant column density (SCD) using
15 different absorption bands between 4000 and 8000 cm−1. Due to the
wavelength dependence of aerosol scattering, large variations in H2O
SCD retrievals are observed as a function of wavelength. Moreover, the
variations are found to be correlated with aerosol optical depths (AODs)
measured at the AERONET-Caltech station. Simulation results from the RT
model reproduce this correlation and show that the aerosol scattering effect
is the primary contributor to the variations in the wavelength dependence of
the H2O SCD retrievals. A significant linear correlation is also found between variations in H2O SCD retrievals from different bands and corresponding AOD data; this correlation is associated with the asymmetry
parameter, which is a first-order measure of the aerosol scattering phase
function. The evidence from both measurements and simulations suggests that
wavelength-dependent aerosol scattering effects can be derived using
H2O retrievals from multiple bands. This understanding of aerosol
scattering effects on H2O retrievals suggests a promising way to
quantify the effect of aerosol scattering on greenhouse gas retrievals and
could potentially contribute towards reducing biases in greenhouse gas
retrievals from space
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