Conditions for nondistortion interrogation of quantum system

Abstract

Under some physical considerations, we present a universal formulation to study the possibility of localizing a quantum object in a given region without disturbing its unknown internal state. When the interaction between the object and probe wave function takes place only once, we prove the necessary and sufficient condition that the object's presence can be detected in an initial-state–preserving way. Meanwhile, a conditioned optimal interrogation probability is obtained