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International Association for Cryptologic Research (IACR)
Abstract
In the wiretap channel setting, one aims to get
information-theoretic privacy of communicated data based only on the
assumption that the channel from sender to adversary is noisier than the one
from sender to receiver. The secrecy capacity is the optimal (highest
possible) rate of a secure scheme, and the existence of schemes achieving it
has been shown. For thirty years the ultimate and unreached goal has been to
achieve this optimal rate with a scheme that is polynomial-time. (This means
both encryption and decryption are proven polynomial time algorithms.) This
paper finally delivers such a scheme. In fact it does more. Our scheme not
only meets the classical notion of security from the wiretap literature,
called MIS-R (mutual information security for random messages) but achieves
the strictly stronger notion of semantic security, thus delivering more in
terms of security without loss of rate
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