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Cell Labeling via Membrane-Anchored Lipophilic MR Contrast Agents
Abstract
Cell tracking <i>in vivo</i> with MR imaging requires the development of contrast agents with increased sensitivity that effectively label and are <i>retained</i> by cells. Most clinically approved GdÂ(III)-based contrast agents require high incubation concentrations and prolonged incubation times for cellular internalization. Strategies to increase contrast agent permeability have included conjugating GdÂ(III) complexes to cell penetrating peptides, nanoparticles, and small molecules which have greatly improved cell labeling but have not resulted in improved cellular retention. To overcome these challenges, we have synthesized a series of lipophilic GdÂ(III)-based MR contrast agents that label cell membranes <i>in vitro</i>. Two of the agents were synthesized with a multiplexing strategy to contain three GdÂ(III) chelates (<b>1</b> and <b>2</b>) while the third contains a single GdÂ(III) chelate (<b>3</b>). These new agents exhibit significantly enhanced labeling and retention in HeLa and MDA-MB-231-mcherry cells compared to agents that are internalized by cells (<b>4</b> and Prohance)- Text
- Journal contribution
- Biophysics
- Biochemistry
- Medicine
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Physiology
- Pharmacology
- Biotechnology
- Immunology
- Developmental Biology
- Cancer
- Computational Biology
- incubation concentrations
- MR imaging
- agents exhibit
- contrast agents
- multiplexing strategy
- increase contrast agent permeability
- label cell membranes
- incubation times
- Gd
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