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University of Zagreb, Faculty of Civil Engineering
Doi
Abstract
Elements that constitute the built environment are
vast and so are the independent systems developed to model
its various aspects. Many of these systems have been developed
under various assumptions and approaches to execute
functions that are distinct, complementary or sometimes
similar. Furthermore, these systems are ever increasing in
number and often assume similar nomenclatures and acronyms,
thereby exacerbating the challenges of understanding
their peculiar functions, definitions and differences.
The current societal demand to improve sustainability performance
through collaboration as well as whole-system
and through-life thinking is driving the need to integrate
independent systems associated with different aspects and
scales of the built environment to deliver smart solutions and
services that improve the well-being of citizens. The contemporary
object-oriented digitization of real-world elements
appears to provide a leeway for amalgamating the modelling
systems of various domains in the built environment which
we termed as built environment information modelling
(BeIM). These domains include architecture, engineering,
construction as well as urban planning and design. Applications
such as building information modelling, geographic
information systems and 3D city modelling systems are now
being integrated for city modelling purposes. The various
works directed at integrating these systems are examined,
revealing that current research efforts on integration fall into
three categories: (1) data/file conversion systems, (2) semantic
mapping systems and (3) the hybrid of both. The review
outcome suggests that good knowledge of these domains
and how their respective systems operate is vital to pursuing
holistic systems integration in the built environment
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