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This paper examines the use of nonsystematic
channel codes to obtain secure transmissions over the additive
white Gaussian noise wire-tap channel. Unlike the previous
approaches, we propose to implement nonsystematic coded transmission
by scrambling the information bits, and characterize
the bit error rate of scrambled transmissions through theoretical
arguments and numerical simulations. We have focused on some
examples of Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem and low-density
parity-check codes to estimate the security gap, which we have
used as a measure of physical layer security, in addition to the bit
error rate. Based on a number of numerical examples, we found
that such a transmission technique can outperform alternative
solutions. In fact, when an eavesdropper (Eve) has a worse channel
than the authorized user (Bob), the security gap required to reach
a given level of security is very small. The amount of degradation
of Eve’s channel with respect to Bob’s that is needed to achieve
sufficient security can be further reduced by implementing scrambling
and descrambling operations on blocks of frames, rather
than on single frames. While Eve’s channel has a quality equal to
or better than that of Bob’s channel, we have shown that the use
of a hybrid automatic repeat-request protocol with authentication
still allows achieving a sufficient level of security. Finally, the
secrecy performance of some practical schemes has also been
measured in terms of the equivocation rate about the message at
the eavesdropper and compared with that of ideal codes
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