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peer reviewedAbstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH), defined by increased pressure within the pulmonary vasculature, is a hemodynamic and pathophysiologic state present in a wide variety of cardiovascular, respiratory, and systemic diseases. The purpose of this consensus statement is
to provide a multidisciplinary approach to guidelines for the diagnosis, classification, treatment, and monitoring of PH in dogs. Comprehensive evaluation including consideration of signalment, clinical signs, echocardiographic parameters, and results of other diagnostic tests supports the diagnosis of PH and allows identification of associated
underlying conditions. Dogs with PH can be classified into the following 6 groups: group
1, pulmonary arterial hypertension; group 2, left heart disease; group 3, respiratory disease/hypoxia; group 4, pulmonary emboli/pulmonary thrombi/pulmonary thromboemboli;
group 5, parasitic disease (Dirofilaria and Angiostrongylus); and group 6, disorders that are
multifactorial or with unclear mechanisms. The approach to treatment of PH focuses on
strategies to decrease the risk of progression, complications, or both, recommendations to
target underlying diseases or factors contributing to PH, and PH-specific treatments. Dogs
with PH should be monitored for improvement, static condition, or progression, and any
identified underlying disorder should be addressed and monitored simultaneously
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