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Modelling, analysis and optimisation of energy systems on offshore platforms

Abstract

Produktionen af olie og gas på offshore platforme involverer processer såsom separation, behandling og kompression. Indvindingen udviser markante variationer fra år til år, hvilket resulterer i højere energiintensitet, lavere effektivitet og muligvis større energiforbrug. Formålet med dette projekt er at bidrage til en bedre forståelse af hvordan offshoreanlæg skal modelleres, analyseres og optimeres fra et energiperspektiv. Forskningsmæssige udfordringer knytter sig til (i) simulering og evaluering af olie- og gasprocessering, (ii) analyse af tiltag for at opnå energieffektivisering, og (iii) anlægsdesign af fremtidige platforme med henblik på at reducere energiforbrug, omkostninger og CO2-udledninger. Dette arbejde er baseret på en grundig undersøgelse af performance af forskellige platforme: deres forbedringspotentialer er estimeret ved hjælp af avancerede modelleringsmetoder, performance-analyseværktøjer og multi-objekt optimeringsprocedurer. Resultaterne indikerer, at forskellene i felt- og driftstilstand på tværs af platforme har en klar indflydelse på deres energi- og exergiforbrugsprofiler. De fleste ineffektiviteter er forårsaget af forbrændings-, trykændrings- og varvemevekslingsprocesser,men deres betydning er forskellig fra anlæg til anlæg og varierer med oliefeltets alder. De mest lovende forbedringer består i at introducere en produktionsmanifold med flere trin, at undgå anti-surge gasrecirkulering, at implementere varmegenvinding, og at indbygge et CO2- separationsanlæg. De potentielle reduktioner af energiforbrug og CO2-emissioner varierer dog væsentligt fra platformtil platform, hvilket viser at et generelt gyldigt forslag er svært at give, og at forsigtighed skal udvises, når anbefalinger til anlægsdesign gives. Dette bidrag viser, igennem både modelsimuleringer og optimeringer, at en systematisk systemtilgang, der ikke kun fokuserer på at forbedre performance af en enkelt proces, kan øge procesintensivering og føre til en mere effektiv og bæredygtig olie- og gasproduktion.Nowadays, the offshore production of oil and gas requires on-site processing, which includes operations such as separation, compression and purification. The offshore system undergoes variations of the petroleum production rates over the field life – it is therefore operated far from its nominal operating conditions, which results in poorer performance. The present thesis addresses the question of how offshore platforms should be modelled, analysed and optimised from an energy system perspective. The research challenges can be classified into three main areas: (i) the simulation and assessment of oil and gas facilities, (ii) the means to reduce their performance losses, and (iii) the systematic design of future plants. This work builds upon a combination of modelling tools, performance evaluation methods and multi-objective optimisation routines to reproduce the behaviour of five offshore platforms, quantify the potentials for energy savings, and design more efficient conversion units. The findings show that the differences in the field and operating conditions directly impact the energy demand and performance profiles of these facilities. Most inefficiencies are associated with the combustion, pressure-change and cooling operations, but these processes are ranked differently depending on the plant layout and on the field production stage. The most promising improvements consist of introducing a multi-level production manifold, avoiding anti-surge gas recirculation, installing a waste heat recovery cycle, and implementing a CO2-capture unit. The benefits of such measures vary widely across offshore platforms, pinpointing that no generic improvement can be proposed, and that caution should be exercised when giving recommendations to the stakeholders. Finally, the several studies stress the importance of developing site-scale solutions, which account for the synergies between the processing and utility plants, to enhance the overall platform performance and intensify the petroleum production

Similar works

This paper was published in Online Research Database In Technology.

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