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An aging population has lead to increased demand for health-care and an interest in moving
health care services from the hospital to the home to reduce the burden on society. One
enabling technology is comfortable monitoring and sensing of bio-signals. Sensors can be
embedded in objects that people interact with daily such as a computer, chair, bed, toilet,
car, telephone or any portable personal electronic device. Moreover, the relatively recent
and wide availability of microelectronics that provide the capabilities of embedded
software, open access wireless protocols and long battery life has led many research groups
to develop wearable, wireless bio-sensor systems that are worn on the body and integrated
into clothing. These systems are capable of interaction with other devices that are nowadays
commonly in our possession such as a mobile phone, laptop, PDA or smart multifunctional
MP3 player. The development of systems for wireless bio-medical long term monitoring is
leading to personal monitoring, not just for medical reasons, but also for enhancing personal
awareness and monitoring self-performance, as with sports-monitoring for athletes. These
developments also provide a foundation for the Brain Computer Interface (BCI) that aims to
directly monitor brain signals in order to control or manipulate external objects. This
provides a new communication channel to the brain that does not require activation of
muscles and nerves. This innovative and exciting research field is in need of reliable and
easy to use long term recording systems (EEG).
In particular we highlight the development and broad applications of our own circuits for
wearable bio-potential sensor systems enabled by the use of an amplifier circuit with
sufficiently high impedance to allow the use of passive dry electrodes which overcome the
significant barrier of gel based contacts
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