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A contribuição de Henri-Alexandre Junod sobre o avunculado no debate com Radcliffe-Brown

Abstract

Neste artigo, revisita-se o debate entre Radcliffe-Brown e Henri-Alexandre Junod. A partir do estudo da pouco conhecida obra do etnógrafo e missionário, critica-se a visão unilateral, indicada pelo artigo de Radcliffe- -Brown, “The Mother’s Brother in South Africa”, de que Junod seria umrepresentante do método pseudocientífico da “história conjectural”. Sem negar esse aspecto, explora-se o conjunto das análises sobre o parentesco Tsonga feitas por Junod, em especial a importância atribuída ao sistema do lobolo. Por ser um foco diferente da linhagem, o estudo de Junod sobre o lobolo pode servir como crítica à proposta estrutural -funcionalista de Radcliffe-Brown. Dessa forma, afirma-se que o debate em questão deve ser lido não como simples vitória do estrutural -funcionalismo sobre as ainda sobras do evolucionismo, mas como uma expressão de questões presentes no estudo do parentesco da antropologia do século XX: a bilateralidade do parentesco, a afinidade e a reciprocidade.In this article, we revisit the debate between Radcliffe-Brown and Henri-Alexandre Junod. Along with the study of the not very well known Junod’s ethnography, we criticize the unilateral point of view of Junod as a representation of the pseudoscientific method of “conjectural history” –Radcliffe-Brown’s position in his article “The Mother’s Brother in South Africa”. We do not deny this aspect, but we explore Junod’s analysis of tsonga kinship system as a whole, with special attention to the lobolo system. This system requires a different focus of analysis from the lineage system, therefore, we affirm that Junod’s view can be used as a critic of Radcliffe-Brown structural-functionalist approach. We conclude that this debate should not be read as a pure victory of structural-functionalism against the remains of evolutionist methods, moreover should be seen as expression of issues present in the anthropology kinship studies in XX century: kinship’s bilaterally, affinity and reciprocity

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This paper was published in Cadernos Espinosanos (E-Journal).

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